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News (newspapers) are acceptable when viewed from the side is divided into two different levels of classification of goods, namely Saheeh and Hasan. Each of them is divided into two classifications again, that Li and Li ghairihi Dzâtihi. Thus, the news received this classification into 4 parts:
1. Li Dzâtihi Saheeh (Saheeh independently)
2. Li Dzâtihi Hasan (Hasan independently)
3. Saheeh Li ghairihi (Saheeh for others / history support)
4. Li ghairihi Hasan (Hasan because other / supporting history)
In this study, we will discuss about the first section above, namely Li Dzâtihi Saheeh (Saheeh independently)
Definition saheeh
The language (etymology), said الصحيح (healthy) is the antonym of the word السقيم (pain). If disclosed to the body, then the true meaning (haqiqi) but when expressed in the hadith and other notions, then it means only figurative (majaz).
The terms (terminology), the meaning is:
ما اتصل سنده بنقل العدل الضابط عن مثله إلى منتهاه من غير شذوذ ولا علة
They attached the chain (transmission lines) through the narration of a narrator, the 'fair, Dlâbith, the narrator semisalnya to the end (the end of the transmission line), with the absence of syudzûdz (irregularities) and also without' illat (illness)
explanatory Definition
- Sanad continued: That each series of the narrators took the direct narration of narrators on it (earlier) from the beginning of the chain up to the end.
- History 'Adil: That each set of criteria, the narrator has a Muslim, puberty, understanding, and also not disabled wicked dignity (self) it.
- History Dlâbith: That each series of the narrators are people who on occasion steady / strong (not forgetful), either steady or rote head steady in writing (book)
- Without Syudzûdz: That it was not a hadith narrated syadz categories (Hadith narrated a history of conflict with Tsiqah more Tsiqah thereof)
- Without 'illat: That it was not a hadith narrated Ma'lûl category (of which there' illatnya). Meaning 'Illat is a reason that is not clear / vague, hidden tarnished keshahihan a hadith though outwardly seem to avoid it.
Conditions
By the above definition can be concluded that the conditions which must be fulfilled keshahihan until it Saheeh hadith which there are five:
First, Sanad continued
Secondly, the narrators' Adil
Third, the narrator Dlâbith
Fourth, there are no 'illat
All five, there is no Syudzûdz
Whenever one of five conditions are not met, then it is not named with a Saheeh hadith.
Examples
To get closer to understanding the definition Saheeh hadith, it is worthwhile to give an example for it.
Ie, hadith issued by Imam al-Bukhari in his Saheeh al-Bukhariy, he said:
حدثنا عبد الله بن يوسف, قال أخبرنا مالك عن ابن شهاب عن محمد بن جبير بن مطعم عن أبيه, قال سمعت رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم قرأ في المغرب بالطور
( 'Abdullah bin Yusuf told us, he said, Malik preached to us, from Ibn Shihab, from Muhammad bin Jubair bin Mut'im, from his father, he said, I have heard the Prophet sallallaahu' alaihi wa sallam was reading a letter ath- Hur at Maghrib)
Saheeh hadith is evaluated as:
1. Sanadnya connected, for each of a series of narrators heard from Shaykh. While the use of the wording عن (of) by Malik Ibn Shihab and Ibn Jubair including ketersambungannya because they indicate the narrators are not classified as Mudallis (narrator who love obscure history).
2. The narrators are known as people who 'just and Dlâbith. The following data on their properties as noted by scholars at al-wa-ta'dil Jarh:
a. 'Abdullah bin Yusuf: Tsiqah Mutqin
b. Malik bin Anas Imam Hafiz
c. Ibn Shihab: Faqih, Hafiz agreed greatness and perseverance they both
d. Muhammad bin Jubair: Tsiqah
e. Jubair bin Mut'im: A Companions
3. There was no awkwardness (Syudzûdz) because there is no history of it stronger.
4. There is no 'Illat anything.
The statute
Compulsory practice according to the agreement (ijma ') of the scholars of Hadith and Usul Fiqh scholars and jurists who have the capability for it. Thus, it can be used as proof that law can not be given the opportunity for a Muslim to not practice it.
Hadith scholars expression meaning "Hadith is Saheeh" "This hadith is not Saheeh"
1. What is meant by their saying "This hadeeth Saheeh" is that the five conditions above keshahihan have realized it, but at the same time, no means of ascertaining keshahihannya also because it could be a narrator who Tsiqah confused or forget.
2. What is meant by their saying "this is not Saheeh Hadeeth" is that all five of these conditions or part thereof has not been realized, but in the same time does not mean it is a hoax because it could have a narrator, a lot of confusion right thing.
Is There A Sanad Sanad Yang ascertained Most Saheeh By Absolute?
Opinion elected, that can not be ensured otherwise absolutely certain the chain as the chain's most authentic because it keshahihan different levels based on the fulfillment of the conditions keshahihan, while very rare terelasisasinya highest quality in all conditions keshahihan. Therefore, it is better to refrain from stating that certain sanad sanad is absolutely the most authentic. Nevertheless, some scholars have narrated the statement on the chain-chain which is considered the most authentic, when in fact, each priest strengthens the opinion that he is stronger.
Among the statements that states that the narrations of the most authentic is:
1. History az-Zuhri from Salim from his father ( 'Abdullah bin' Umar; this is a statement that was quoted by Ishaq bin Rahawaih and Imam Ahmad.
2. History of Ibn Sirin 'Ubaidah of' Aliy (bin Abi Talib); This is a statement that was quoted from Ibn al-Madiniy and al-Fallas.
3. History of Ibrahim al-A'masy of 'Alqamah of' Abdullah (bin Mas'ud); This is a statement that was quoted from Yahya bin Ma'in.
4. History of az-Zuhri 'Aliy of al-Husayn from his father from' Aliy; This is a statement that was quoted from Abu Bakr bin Abi Shaibah.
5. History Malik from Nafi 'from Ibn' Umar; This is a statement that was quoted from Imam al-Bukhariy.
The First Book Written And Just Can Only Sahih Hadith
The first book that only contain hadeeth it is Sahih al-Bukhariy and Saheeh Muslim. Both are the most authentic book after the Qur'an. Muslims have unanimously (ijma ') to receive both.
Where is the Most Saheeh Between Both?
The most authentic of them are Saheeh al-Bukhariy, besides it most faidahnya. This is because the hadith-hadith narrated by al-Bukhariy most connected and most Tsiqah chain of narrators. Also, because in it there is essence-the essence of jurisprudence and the thread-wise Uthai not found in Sahih Muslim.
This review is collective, because sometimes in some hadith narrated by Imam Muslim stronger than most of the hadith al-Bukhariy.
Nevertheless, there are also scholars who argue that more authentic Saheeh Muslim, but what is true is the first opinion, which is Saheeh al-Bukhariy more authentic.
Is Both Lists All Sahih Hadith And Commitment It?
Imam al-Imam Muslim Bukhariy and do not include all the Sahih hadith to them or committed to it. This is evident from pengakuana their own, like what Imam Muslim, "Not all that I think I fit in here is authentic, that I upload are agreed upon."
Is Only a Few Other Sahih Hadith Not Got Them Both download?
There are scholars who say that only a few are not loading them from other authentic hadiths. However, the correct opinion is that many other authentic hadith which exceeded by two of them. Imam al-Bukhariy himself admitted it when he said, "more authentic hadiths that I neglected a lot more."
He also said, "I memorized one hundred thousand authentic hadith and two hundred thousand hadith is not authentic."
How many hadith contained in the ash-Shahîhain?
1. In Saheeh al-hadith Bukhariy there are 7275 including the repeated, while the number of non-repeated 4000 hadith.
2. In Saheeh Muslim there is a hadith including repeated 12,000, while the number without repeated approximately 4000 hadith also.
Where We Get Hadith-Hadith Sahih Other Not Listed In addition to the Texts ash-Shahîhain?
We can get it on the books reliable illustrious as Saheeh Ibn Khuzaimah, Saheeh Ibn Hibban, Mustadrak al-Hakim, the Four Sunan, Sunan ad-Dâruquthniy, Sunan al-Baihaqiy, and others.
Only the presence of hadith in the books is not enough, but there must be a statement on keshahihannya except the books that really requires just removing the hadith is authentic, as Saheeh Ibn Khuzaimah.
Regarding the Kitab al-Mustadrak of al-Hakim, Saheeh Ibn Khuzaimah and Saheeh Ibn Hibban
1. al-Mustadrak of al-Hakim
A thick book of hadith that contains hadiths are authentic based on requirements specified by ash-Shaykh (al-Bukhari and Muslim) or the requirements of one of the two of them while they have not issued the Ahadith.
Likewise, al-Hakim either hadiths which he considered authentic even if not based on the requirements of one of the two hadith by Imam declared as Saheeh hadith chain. Sometimes he also download the hadith is not authentic but it reminded him. He is known as the hadith scholars who Mutasâhil (who oversimplifies-gampangkan) in the hadith keshahihan assessment.
Therefore, there should be monitoring (follow up) and evaluation of the quality of the hadith-hadith as appropriate. Al-Dhahabi has conducted follow-up to it and provide an assessment of most of the hadith-hadith is appropriate. However, this book still needs to be done monitoring and attention. (One of those who entered into the monitoring and study of the hadiths that have not been given any judgment by Imam adh-Dhahabi and provide an assessment in accordance with the conditions of the Sheikh. Dr. Mahmud Mirah -barangkali has now rampung-)
2. Saheeh Ibn Hibban
Systematics of writing this book is not neat (random), it is not prepared per-chapter or per-Musnad. Therefore, he named his book with "at-Taqâsîm Wa al-NWA '" (Classification, Classification And Various Types). To find it in his book is very difficult. Even so, there are some scholars Muta`akhkhirin (such as al-Amir 'Alâ` ad-Din, Abu al-Hasan' Ali bin Bilba, w.739 H with the title of al-Ihsan fi Taqrîb Ibn Hibban) which has been arranged based on about- chapter.
Ibn Hibban known as scholars Mutasâhil also in assessing keshahihan but it will be lighter than al-Hakim. (Ar-Rawy tadrib: 1/109)
3. Saheeh Ibn Khuzaimah
The book is a higher quality than Saheeh Ibn Hibban keshahihannya because its author, Ibn Khuzaimah known for being very careful once. I was so happy-hearted, he often abstained (gives no rating) against it for lack of a keshahihan talks about the chain.
What They Are Already Confirmed From Saheeh hadith narrated by Imam al-Bukhari and Muslim?
As we have mentioned before, that Imam al-Bukhari and Muslim did not load up on them in addition to the two Sahih hadith that is authentic and Muslims have received both books are full.
Therefore, any hadith that has been confirmed is authentic and accepted by the Muslims?
He said that the hadith narrated by chains connecting them, then he is certainly authentic.
While it is discarded at the beginning of the chain (transmission lines hadith) is one or more person narrator -who named the hadith al-Mu'allaq- where this type in Saheeh al-Bukhari quite a lot but only in the translation chapter (chapter naming ) and Muqaddimah course while at the core chapter does not exist at all. While in Saheeh Muslim, none of it unless it's in a chapter about Tayammum he has not had time to connect the chain in a place of his book; the hadiths that criteria such as this, the ratings against it and react to it is as follows:
1. Hadith narrated by al-shîghah Jazmin (a form of speech defined), as the phrase قال (Qala / say); أمر (Amara / order) and ذكر (Dzakara / mention); then keshahihannya based on an assessment of the resources (people attributed to him). [That is, when in history it is stated, for example قال فلان (so and so said), then it is the authentic meaning of the word comes from so and so who says it -ed.]
2. Hadith narrated not by shîghah al-Jazmin like the expression يروى (yurwa / narrated [now]); يذكر (yudzkar / mentioned [now]); يحكى (yuhka / was foretold [now]); روي (ruwiya / narrated [past]) and ذكر (dzukira / mentioned [past]), then it means it can not be ascribed keshahihannya from the source it (people who ascribed to him), but even so, there is nothing in it it weak because it is contained in a book called al-saheeh.
Form To Saheeh
In the past we have said that most of the scholars have said about a sanad-sanad described as the most authentic in their opinion. So, based on that and for the fulfillment of other requirements, it can be said that it is authentic it has several levels:
A. The highest level is as narrated by the most authentic chain of transmission, such as Malik from Nafi 'from Ibn' Umar.
B. Yang under the levels whenever narrated from the point Rijal (string of narrators) of capacity under capacity Rijal above the first chain such as Hammad bin Salamah narrated from Thabit from Anas.
C. The following is another level, that is, when narrated by narrators who proved otherwise as narrators lowest Tsiqah to their nickname (Tsiqah lowest levels), such as a history of Suhail bin Abi Salih from his father from Abu Hurairah.
Details can also be associated with the distribution of the above hadeeth to seven levels:
1. Hadith narrated by consensus by al-Bukhari and Muslim (the highest level)
2. Hadith narrated individually by al-Bukhari
3. Hadith dirwayatkan individually by Muslim
4. Hadeeth narrated by the requirements of both while they do not remove it
5. Hadith narrated by al-Bukhari requirements while he did not remove it
6. Hadith narrated by Muslim requirements while he did not remove it
7. Hadith Sahih Muslim scholars like Ibn Khuzaimah besides them and Ibn Hibban are not based on the requirements of both priests hadith (al-Bukhari and Muslim).
Definition of Terms ash-Shaykh
Actually, both priests hadith, al-Bukhari and Muslim never stated explicitly (implicit) requirements concerning the required or specified by the two of them in addition to the requirements agreed upon in evaluating the authentic hadith in previous discussions. But scholars researchers through process monitoring (follow up) and an analysis of the methods used by both able to get what they consider to be the requirements put forward by both or either of the two.
It can be said that what is meant by the terms of ash-Shaykh or one of them is that it should be narrated from the point Rijal (the narrator) of both books or one of them with regard to the method used both inside narrated hadiths from them ,
Meaning of word "Agreed Alaih"
The point is that it is agreed by the Imam of hadith, al-Bukhari and Muslim, which they both agreed on keshahihannya, not deal Muslims. Only, Ibn al-Salah also enter into an agreement that meaning people because people already agreed to accept the hadiths that have been agreed upon by both. ( 'Ulum al-hadith: 24)
Is Agar Rated Sahih, Hadith Hadith should be a 'Aziz?
Hadith 'Aziz is a hadith narrated on every level periwayatannya (thabaqat sanad) of not less than two narrators. In this case, whether to a declared authentic hadith, then at least it should be narrated by not less than two narrators in each level periwayatannya ?.
Opinion is right, that it was not required because in both books is authentic (ash-Shahîhain) and besides them there are also hadith is authentic but does not it 'Aziz, but even hadith Gharib (which is reported on by a narrator only) ,
There among scholars such as' Ali al-Jubaiy, figures Mu'tazilah and al-Hakim who claim it, but their opinion is contrary to the agreement of the Muslims.
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